Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness - 1713 Words

Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, published in 1899, is a novella (a short novel or long short story) that is a good representation of the genre of colonial literature; it is about Marlow, who is a sailor, and his voyage up the Congo River. His top priority is to meet Kurtz, a man who is known for his success of collecting ivory and his other captivating potentials. Marlow’s journey begins once he accepts a job with the Company, a Belgian organization concerned with trade within the Congo area (Conrad 9). However, Marlow is surprised by the widespread suffering and inhumanity of the natives when he arrives at his designated areas in Africa near the Congo. Marlow soon realizes that the Company’s intentions of â€Å"helping† the natives may not be as optimistic as it first seemed when he acquired the job as the steamboat sailor. Marlow’s urge to meet the fascinating Kurtz is what keeps him motivated in the mi dst of all the horror. Heart of Darkness is written as a frame story, which is a story-within-a-story. The novel begins with Marlow and a few of his companions aboard a boat known as the Nellie in the Thames River in London. Marlow eases into his story about when he first began his sailing career; the story is told by him, but the unnamed narrator is the one recalling what Marlow says while he shares his earlier sailing days with the others. As a child, Marlow had an extreme fascination with blank spaces on maps. The Congo River and allShow MoreRelatedJoseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness957 Words   |  4 Pages Chinua Achebe’s controversial essay published in 1977 focuses on the racist views woven into Joseph Conrad’s 1899 novella, Heart of Darkness. Achebe claims that Conrad uses many western stereotypes of Africa and subtly weaves them below the surface of his writing. However, due to the popularity of the novella and the skill of Conrad, his racist views go undetected. The most obvious indicator of Conrad’s racist views is the depictions of the people. They are described as â€Å"savage creatures,† yet Conrad’sRead MoreJoseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1488 Words   |  6 PagesJoseph Conrad’s s novel Heart of Darkness portrays an image of Africa that is dark and inhuman. Not only does he describe the actual, physical continent of Africa as â€Å"so hopeless and so dark, so impenetrable to human thought, so pitiless to human weakness†, (Conrad 154) as though the continent could neither breed nor support any true human life. Conrad lived th rough a time when European colonies were scattered all over the world. This phenomenon and the doctrine of colonialism bought into at hisRead MoreJoseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness925 Words   |  4 PagesIn the heart of darkness sails a ship with sailors, seamen, businessmen, and cannibals; savages as one would say. The businessmen conduct the seamen, the seamen order the sailors, and the sailors command the cannibals. On this diminutive yawl sailing deeper and deeper into the hazy, enigmatic heart of darkness lies a small caste system, with the managers above and the savages below. The story of Charlie Marlow on this ship is unveiled in Joseph Conrad s novella, Heart of Darkness, along with inklingsRead MoreJoseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness988 Words   |  4 Pagesthe late 1890’s, Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness holds two different meanings. Heart of Darkness is both a metaphor for a psychological side of man, and an allusion to Africa. The title suggests both a p hysical and mental reference. During the time the novel takes place, Africa was called the dark continent. This was because little was known about Africa, and it was rather a mystery to Europeans. The main character in the novel, Marlow describes Africa as â€Å"a place of darkness† (Conrad 43). He alsoRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness 1396 Words   |  6 PagesShelly Pyakurel Ellen Stockstill English 4 DC 27 April 2015 Research Paper Heart of Darkness is a novel by Joseph Conrad that centers on Marlow, a man who goes to the Congo for a job opportunity. He meets a man named Kurtz, who is well known by many. Once he gets to the Congo, he sees colonialism first-hand. He sees that the natives of the country were practically enslaved and forced to work under very harsh conditions. The two major characters of the novel are Marlow and Kurtz. There are many minorRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1504 Words   |  7 Pagescontrol over others and can be found in both people and objects. In Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness the main character and narrator Marlow identifies a force within ivory that conveys a sense power within the enigmatic Mr. Kurtz. The African ivory trade was flourishing in the early 1900’s. Obtaining the precious object transformed some into greedy connoisseurs with endless intentions to get their hands on all of the continents ivory. Conrad shows that the power that i s emitted from the ivory falls intoRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness963 Words   |  4 Pagespeople. Heart of Darkness, by Joseph Conrad, can be criticised through many different lenses. Though Natives are a large part of Conrad’s narrative of European atrocities in the Congo, his treatment of Congolese Natives throughout the book show them to be nothing more than props. Conrad skews Natives language, culture and intelligence to fit Europeans schema for Africa and Africans. Conrad’s Heart of Darkness is placed in a colonized Congo. ...despite Heart of Darkness s (Joseph Conrad) obviousRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1555 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough the author Joseph Conrad never met the German philosopher Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, who died more than a century before Conrad’s birth, their distinct philosophies still have numerous points of intersection, suggesting some fundamental truths within the structure of the human reality. Through the novella, Heart of Darkness, Conrad details his perspectives on the faults of man and reality as a whole, with views often coinciding with many of Leibniz’s own, as found in his numerous philosophicalRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s Heart Of Darkness1080 Words   |  5 Pages1 Kathrine Carrasquillo Dr. David Mulry Engl 2112 Feb 13, 2017 Who is Mr. Kurtz, and what does Conrad use him for? Mr. Kurtz is the main character in Joseph Conrad s English novella, Heart of Darkness. There is no proof that Mr. Kurtz is based on a real person, so it is assumed that he is a made up character. When Mr. Kurtz is first introduced the audience learns that he is a Belgian ivory trader and he was sent to Africa by his employer for work. At first glance, Mr. Kurtz just represents a normalRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s The Heart Of Darkness 1801 Words   |  8 PagesAlly Jones Professor Smith English 1302 November 18, 2014 Female Roles in Joseph Conrad s the Heart of Darkness: In regards to Joseph Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, many literature reviews focus on the motifs of Imperialism, the symbolism of darkness and fog, or the aspect of racism in Conrad’s work. During the era which Conrad wrote, England was going through the Victorian Era, which was marked by a shift in views on morality. The term â€Å"Victorian morality† is used today to describe values which

Case 8 HP Gerald Edwards Essay - 611 Words

Student Name:____________Chamila Brown__________________________ Case No.______8_____ Student Number:__________21098154_______________________________ HILLCREST MEDICAL CENTER HISTORY AND PHYSICAL EXAMINATION Patient Name: Gerald Edwards Hospital No.: 11058 Room No.: 481 Date of Admission: 07/15/2010 Admitting Physician: Catherine Baker, MD Admitting Diagnosis: Complications of known diabetes mellitus. HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: This is a 53-year-old black individual a patient of Dr. Shelton, who has had diabetes for at least six months, but he thinks it has been longer than that. He says his last known blood sugar was in the 300’s. He presents in the ER today with a foot ulcer since January of this year. He†¦show more content†¦He has three children a 19-year-old son, a 24-year-old son, and a 27-year-old daughter all alive and well. He has a first cousin with diabetes other than that there is no family history of diabetes. SOCIAL HISTORY: He smokes two packs of cigarettes per day. He drinks a rare beer. He is divorced and lives alone. He is Protestant, has a 10th grade education, and works at Taylor Auto Body Repair. REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: Essentially negative with the exception of numb feet and a headache. PHYSICAL EXAMINATION: HEENT: Tympanic membranes and external auditory canals are within normal limits. Throat is clear with no gingival lesions. He is ______________. No obvious proliferate retinopoathy. NECK: No carotid bruit. No thyroid enlargement. LUNGS: Clear to auscultation. HEART: No S3, S4 or murmurs. ABDOMEN: Soft with no organomegaly. Normal bowel sounds. FEET: Good dorsalis and posterior tibial pulses bilaterally. Left foot has no abrasions, lesions, sores or ulcers. Right foot shows obvious deformity from previous break. He has an area located between his second and third metatarsal head that has clearly been an abscess that has broken through. He also has an obvious foot ulcer located over the instep of his right foot, full thickness. There is tracking to the broken foot, to which the ulcer area is connected and there is a question of osteomyelitis in this area. PLAN: Admit the patient for IV antibiotics,Show MoreRelatedEbooks Solution Manuals and Test Banks for Text Books19223 Words   |  77 PagesHealth by Rebecca J. Donatelle, Emeritus,Patricia Ketcham 12 Instructor’s Manual Access to Health by Rebecca J. Donatelle, Emeritus,Patricia Ketcham 12 Test Bank Accounting and Auditing Research Tools and Strategies by Weirich, Pearson, Churyk 7 Cases Solutions Accounting and Auditing Research Tools and Strategies by Weirich, Pearson, Churyk 7 Solution Manual Accounting by Carl S. Warren, James M. Reeve 24 Instructor’s Manual Accounting by Carl S. Warren, James M. Reeve 24 Test Bank AccountingRead MoreBreastfeeding For Public Places : Breastfeeding2174 Words   |  9 Pageslinked to the dichotomous role that the breast plays in Western society, and it is the convergence of the sexual or â€Å"aesthetic† role, and the functional role of the breast which Angier (23) Contends â€Å"disturbs and irritates† us† (Birth:Paediatric Nursing, p. 82) As a society we have over sexualized the female breast so much that now when a woman is seen feeding a child, it is no longer about etiquette and appropriateness but, about how unattractive the act is. There are several topics that could be coveredRead MoreThe Ideal Staffing Officer Case Study2019 Words   |  9 Pages TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 2 INTRODUCTION 2 HUMAN RESOURCE 3 ïÆ'Ëœ PERSON-ORGANIZATION (P-O) FIT: 3 ïÆ'Ëœ PERSON-JOB (P-J) FIT: 4 ïÆ'Ëœ RECRUITMENT SOURCES: 4 †¢ INTERNAL SOURCES: 5 †¢ EXTERNAL SOURCES: 5 CONCLUSION: 7 REFERENCES: 8 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report entirely focuses on The Ideal Staffing Officer case study where I try to critique the reasons that the same recruitment sources can be used for several industries but may or may not be used for every role.Read MoreEssay about The Profound Irony of Shakespeares Hamlet 2407 Words   |  10 PagesProfound Irony of Hamlet      Ã‚  Ã‚   Irony, or the â€Å"hiding what is actually the case† in order to â€Å"achieve special rhetorical or artistic effects† (Abrams 135), is amply demonstrated in Shakespeare’s tragedy Hamlet.    In his essay, â€Å"Reforming the Role,† Mark Rose discusses the irony involved with the ghost’s appearance:    The ghost binds Hamlet to vengeance, but there is another and more subtle way in which the spirit of his father haunts the prince. It is one of the radical ironiesRead MoreDramatic Irony in Hamlet Essay2946 Words   |  12 Pagesis a man!† â€Å"carries an ironic reverberation. His melancholy gaze looks up and down: skyward toward ‘this brave o’erhanging firmament’ and earthward toward the grave,†Ã‚   according to Harry Levin in the General Introduction to The Riverside Shakespeare (8).    Ophelia has agreed to be a decoy to lure the hero so that the king and lord chamberlain can study him. At the time of the â€Å"chance† meeting, Hamlet is already feeling quite low, and perhaps even contemplating suicide:      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Read More Irony in Hamlet Essay3148 Words   |  13 Pagesfar from the one presupposed in the present essay. He imagines Shakespeare grappling with his archaic sources in the attempt to naturalize, rationalize, and psychologize – generally speaking, to streamline and neoclassisize them – and at least in the case of Hamlet, losing the struggle. Our own intuition of the creative or re-creative act that issued in the play also assumes a struggle with the literary past, but one of a more complex nature. It would seem to be Hamlet who is unable to impose successfullyRead MoreLaboratory Testing Of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus3140 Words   |  13 Pagesfor the rapid detection of MRSA. They are considered to be an important cornerstone in preventing the spread of MRSA in health care settings. New PCR-based high throughput typing methods offer a rapid turnaround time, wit h lower costs and in many cases high discriminatory power. However, these are very expensive and cannot be afforded by all laboratories. Moreover, these require technical equipment limiting their use only in developed centers. DISCUSSION Typing of MRSA is an essential requirementRead MoreEssay about Marketing and Entry Mode19449 Words   |  78 Pagesof Entry Mode and Network Structure† London School of Commerce (LSC) University of Wales Institute of Cardiff (UWIC) Student Name: Miss. Sajida Ramzan Student ID: 0089kkvl0409 Course: BABS 6 (HONS) Subject: Disertation Lecturer: Dr. Gerald Pollio Executive Summary Problem, Purpose and Method Decision-makers, like sailors, need to know how to ride out a potential storm and to understand how the winds may change in the future. (World Economic Forum 2009) In global automobileRead More The Impact of Ophelia on Shakespeares Hamlet Essay2746 Words   |  11 Pagesafter this we need not say anything. But it is observable that they are not, as in the case of Coriolanus, interesting merely or mainly for their connection with the hero, but in themselves. And it must be added that, not merely in the soliloquies and set speeches, but in the dialogue, even in its least important patchwork, Shakespeare’s mastery of blank verse has reached complete perfection. (vol.5, pt.1, ch.8, sec.16, no.55)    Indeed Ophelia is quite interesting as a character in her ownRead More Shakespeares Hamlet - The Character of Ophelia Essay3341 Words   |  14 Pageswith the custom of the time. If that were the reason for it, all the men and women in Shakespeare’s plays, Romeo and Juliet, Beatrice and Benedict, Miranda and Ferdinand, Antony and Cleopatra, would have talked obscenely together, which is not the case (107).    West’s interpretation of Ophelia’s character is not a consensus feeling among critics, so her innocence is challenged but not overturned. Beginning now with the play, the reader/viewer sees that the protagonist of the tragedy, Prince

Foundations of American Government - 1084 Words

Foundations of American Government I believe the five pathways for change were put here to guide us in becoming a more efficient government and to give different examples of how to go about change in America. All of the pathways are important but to me the most important is the lobbying decision makers’ pathway. â€Å"Lobbyists are said to be advocates, someone who represents a specific side of an issue. According to Thomson Gale Legal Encyclopedia, A lobbyist and a lawyer have similar attributes whereas the lobbyist targets the legislative point of view and the lawyer targets the judicial point of view. Lawyers provide facts on different perspectives on legal issues dealing with the case; And lobbyist offer local, state, and federal†¦show more content†¦Their advertisement proclaimed that all they wanted to do was â€Å"protect their Freedom of Choice.† â€Å"This is New York City; no one tells us what neighborhood to live in or what team to root for,† says the narrator, as Yankees and Mets fans shout in the background. (Grynbaum, 2012). Since May 30 when Bloomberg wanted to ban the sale of soft drinks over 16 ounces in regulated food establishments such as movie theaters and sport arenas. Senator Frank R. Lautenberg, a New Jersey Democrat, recommended there be a federal study linking together sugary beverages and obesity. â€Å"The talking points are ‘Nanny State,’ that it won’t work, because people will just buy as much as they ever would, and that this disproportionately hurts the poor,† said Kelly Brownell, director of the Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity at Yale University. (Grynbaum, 2012). People that are not middle or low class would buy as much soda as they wanted and the rest of the people would be stuck with whatever drink is leftover. The lower class minority groups seem to always get the shorter end of the stick and in most cases unless a big group of them get together their voices will not be heard. The mayor or t he city council should not have the right to tell you what size soda to drink or what kind of soda to drink; We live in The United States of America and there is no law that says anything about a specific size or flavor of soda so until that day comes nobody shouldShow MoreRelatedFoundations, Principles, and Structure of the American National Government2929 Words   |  12 Pagesï » ¿Foundations, Principles and Structure of the American National Government Historical Foundations The actions taken by the framers of the Constitution demonstrated a sense of vision and innovation ahead of its time. One of the most influential aspects of this visionary quality which was coupled with definitive innovation was that framers of the constitution created it so that it would truly endure; they wanted the constitution to be relevant to address the challenges and needs of their time andRead More Advancement of Civic Engagement by Community Foundations in Low Income African American Communities1598 Words   |  7 Pages The role of civic engagement in neighborhood revitalization, particularly in low income African American communities, has gained increased awareness and in recent years. Community, nonprofit, and government leaders now view civic engagement as a critical component of effective solutions as they seek to address crime, unemployment, low graduation rates and numerous other neighborhood challenges. Several successful initiatives have come to fruition and provide strong evidence of the benefitsRead MoreThe Political System Of The United States1053 Words   |  5 Pagescomponents and there are several factors the contributed to what the U.S. political system is today. Such as, where the foundations of the U.S. government came from, the American idea of government, the characteristics of American society and political culture, and the values and principles of American democracy. The founding fathers were wise and had great experience in politics and government, however they could not produce ideas for a political system of a country by just using their wisdom and experienceRead MoreThe Necessary Separation of Church and State in America Essay1641 Words   |  7 Pagesstated: â€Å"Believing with you that religion is a matter which lies solely between Man his God, that he owes account to none other for his faith or his worship, that the legitimate powers of government reach actions only, not opinions, I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should `make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof, thus building a wall of separation betweenRead MoreJohn Locke And James Harrington Essay1378 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"factions† or as contemporary Americans would refer to as Political parties. All of these variables thus factor into how American’s view law and order represented in Supreme Court cases such as Marbury vs. Madison along with McCulloch vs. Maryland. United States political institutional development is constantly evolving before, during and after the ratification of the United States Constitution due to an influ x of different cultures ideals and opinions. The foundation of Political thought in AmericaRead MoreBasic Principles of Democracy916 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States of America has five basic principles which ensure the ability of the country. The basic foundations: fundamental worth, equality of all persons, majority rule minority rights, necessity of compromise, and ividual freedom. This paper reviews three of the five principles: majority rule and minority rights, individual freedom, and necessity of compromise. Two of these cases of individual freedom plus majority rule and minority rights the United States has failed to upholdRead MoreThe American Revolution Was Not A Revolution Since Little New Country1428 Words   |  6 PagesMany historians argue that the American Revolution was not a revolution since little change happened within its social aspect, and therefore, not radical enough to be considered a revolution; others say that the American Revolution was a unique transformation in which the countryâ €™s economy and political changes contributed greatly to the birth of a new country. To completely agree or deny either of these points would be ignoring the plausible and different perspectives, along with the supportingRead MoreAmerica s Christian History : The Testament Of America1168 Words   |  5 PagesThrough American history, we are told over and over that America was based upon a foundation of God fearing men, but without the knowledge that we are who we are because of God himself, we would be nothing. In the book, America s Christian History: The Untold Story, it speaks upon the moral foundations of the government that were established by the Pilgrims/Puritans and the Founding Fathers of America. Kirk Fordice was the former governor of Mississippi. He made the bold statement by which manyRead MoreHow Revolutionary Was the American Revolution?1701 Words   |  7 PagesThe American Revolution would lead one of the greatest countries in the world. A superpower, at the forefront of innovation. It would become an example, a beacon, for freedom, and liberty everywhere. But how much of this was really due to the American Revolution? The American Revolution was truly revolutionary in many ways, including the new ideas of Political Equality of the Classes, Inalienable Rights, and Consent of the Governed. The American Revolution caused the movement of Political EqualityRead MoreThe Declaration of Independence: Americas Foundation Essay example1229 Words   |  5 Pages Therefore, serving as the foundation for many laws and documents composed after it, the Declaration of Independence has been helpful in defining the rights of the American citizens, the powers of the government, and the identity of the United States as a free nation. One argument favoring â€Å"The Declaration of Independence† serving as the foundation for many laws and documents is that it defines the rights of the American citizens. The document states that â€Å"governments exist only through the power

Explain key influences on personal learning processes on individuals free essay sample

The Kolbs experimental learning cycle helps us to understand how adults learn. Cognitive abilities are how people learn. Kolbs identified two pairs of opposite factors, when these are combined together they show a learning cycle with four different stages of learning, each staged has to be followed in the correct sequence. The four stages are: Concrete experience – the doing stage where you carry out/participate in an action/actions. Reflective observations – the reviewing or reflecting stage. You think about what you did/what happened during the concrete stage. Abstract conceptualisation – the concluding stage in relation to the concrete experience (called the theorising stage sometimes). It is the stages where you use all the information you have gained about the experience to organise your thoughts into some sort of order and make sense of the experience. Active experimentation – this is the planning or trying out stage. The important point here is that you tackle an aspect of the activity differently from the first time. Describe Honey and Mumford’s theory of learning styles: Learning styles Characteristics Preferred learning situation Less favourable learning situation Activist †¢ Like to be involved †¢ Like new ideas †¢ Lose interest quickly †¢ ’Jump first/think later’ mentality †¢ Like to dominate †¢ New experiences †¢ Working with others †¢ Taking the lead †¢ Taking on difficult tasks †¢ Listening e. g. lectures or when passive †¢ Doing things on their own †¢ Working to the ‘rules’ Reflectors †¢ Like to observe from the edge of a group †¢ Consider things from a range of different perspectives †¢ Collect information before drawing conclusions †¢ Let others contribute before they do †¢ Observing from the edge of a group †¢ Time to think before contributing †¢ Analysing †¢ Working without tight deadlines †¢ Taking a lead or performing in front of others †¢ No time to prepare in advance †¢ Facing the unexpected †¢ Feeling rushed or pressurised by deadlines Theorists †¢ Like to bring together different ideas to produce new ways of looking at things †¢ Think logically †¢ Like things to fit into an ordered scheme †¢ Often detached and remote rather than emotional †¢ Like the opportunity to apply their knowledge and skills in complex situations †¢ Work with abstract ideas †¢ Opportunities to question and probe for information and ideas †¢ Like a clear structure and purpose †¢ Cannot identify with different approaches taken by others †¢ Lack of structure or purpose †¢ Working with emotions and feelings of others Pragmatists †¢Like to experiment/try things out †¢ Seek feedback from others †¢ Practical, liking to get on with things rather than talk about them †¢ Relate things to their own role †¢ Clear link between thinking and what has to be done †¢ Opportunity to try things out †¢ Like new ideas that have clear benefits †¢ Happy to copy from role models †¢ Cannot identify the relevance of what has to be done †¢ No guidance on how to do things †¢ If benefits are unclear †¢ Focus is only on theory and does not include practical aspects A range of influences that might impact an individual’s learning are: Previous educational experiences Informal learning Culture Health Lifestyle Time Learning style Access to books, the Internet IT skills Family Funding for study Specific learning need Friends Skills are used in the personal and professional development of a healthcare student/worker: Literacy Use writing to record information accurately about service user care. Read carefully to understand information. ICT Use ICT for documents, ideas, obtaining information from the Internet, intranet and email. Numeracy Numeracy is important when: Giving medication understanding clinical data in lab reports Communicating complex data using charts. Questioning Use questions to gather information for your own learning from placements, peers and tutors. Observation Use informal observation for learning from work placements. Use formal observation when gathering information about skills, routines and procedures. Feedback Feedback comes from tutors, placement staff and service users. Use feedback to recognise the Internet, other people, using skills strengths and areas for and routines. Reflection Reflect in order to make sense of information from reading, observation, the internet and other people. Planning Use planning for: Setting targets, identifying actions, prioritising, monitoring progress Further learning Care plans Sources of support for learning: Source of support Type of support Teaching Sharing of new knowledge, facilitating development of new understanding Tutorials Support from specific subject tutors or for your whole programme from a personal tutor – a two-way exchange Feedback This tells you what you have achieved and gives specific and/or general guidance to help you improve your work next time Coaching Specific training for practical skills and improved performance Supervision When someone oversees your work in a practical situation Mentoring When an experienced person provides guidance and advice about your work Meetings Sharing, discussing ideas, making decisions Help with specific learning needs These might include language, literacy, numeracy, sensory impairment – access might be needed to specialist tutors, equipment etc Seminars